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10 August 2023

Understanding the Role of an API Gateway

 The API gateway is a crucial component in managing and routing API requests. Here's how it functions:

Step 1: The client initiates an HTTP request to the API gateway.

Step 2: The API gateway parses and validates the attributes of the HTTP request.

Step 3: It performs allow-list and deny-list checks to ensure the request is authorized.

Step 4: The API gateway communicates with an identity provider for authentication and authorization.

Step 5: Rate-limiting rules are applied. If the request exceeds the limit, it is rejected.

Steps 6 and 7: After passing basic checks, the API gateway routes the request to the appropriate service using path matching.

Step 8: The API gateway transforms the request into the correct protocol and forwards it to the backend microservices.

Steps 9-12: The API gateway manages errors and handles faults that take longer to recover (circuit breaking). It leverages the ELK (Elastic-Logstash-Kibana) stack for logging and monitoring. Sometimes, data is cached in the API gateway for efficiency.

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